Dampak Eksplorasi Sumber Daya Alam Terhadap Keberlanjutan Ekosistem Hutan Tropis di Kalimantan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58812/jgws.v2i03.1676Kata Kunci:
Hutan Tropis, Eksplorasi Sumber Daya Alam, Deforestasi, Hilangnya Keanekaragaman Hayati, Pengelolaan Sumber Daya BerkelanjutanAbstrak
Eksplorasi sumber daya alam di Kalimantan telah menghasilkan keuntungan ekonomi yang besar, namun juga menimbulkan ancaman serius terhadap keberlanjutan ekosistem hutan tropisnya. Studi ini melakukan analisis komparatif terhadap dampak lingkungan di wilayah dengan tingkat ekstraksi tinggi dan rendah, dengan fokus pada empat indikator utama: laju deforestasi, degradasi tanah, kualitas air, dan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati. Dengan menggunakan sumber data sekunder, termasuk citra satelit, penilaian lingkungan, dan basis data keanekaragaman hayati, temuan-temuan tersebut mengungkapkan degradasi lingkungan yang signifikan di wilayah-wilayah dengan tingkat ekstraksi tinggi. Tingginya tingkat deforestasi, erosi tanah, kontaminasi air, dan penurunan keanekaragaman hayati menjadi ciri khas wilayah-wilayah tersebut dibandingkan dengan wilayah-wilayah yang memiliki ekstraksi sumber daya yang minimal. Hasil penelitian ini menggarisbawahi kebutuhan mendesak akan praktik-praktik pengelolaan sumber daya yang berkelanjutan yang menyeimbangkan manfaat ekonomi dengan pelestarian lingkungan, yang bertujuan untuk melindungi keanekaragaman hayati yang kaya dan jasa ekosistem yang penting di Kalimantan.
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